Why phrases probe

This paper looks at the arguments for the stipulation that only heads are probes. Three areas where there traditionally have been made a difference between heads and phrases are examined. These areas are, phrase structure, movement, and selection. The strongest argument against probing phrases seems to be selection. Furthermore, Hallman’s (2004) suggestion to conflate selection and feature checking is argued against. The conclusion is that there are no theory internal reason that bars phrases from probing. In the second part of the paper it is shown that there are no empirical reasons either. In addition, an approach to binding and control that is compatible with the inclusiveness condition is outlined. The conclusion of the paper is that it is external Merge that unifies all instances of probing.